research paper - "Somewhere over the rainbow"
OUTLINE:
Thesis: Garland was best known as a popular actress and singer of the 1930s who lightened up the time period with her cheerful spirit.
I. Introductory Information of Judy Garland
A. Discovered at a young age
1. Had been singing onstage at the age of five
2. Signed movie contract with MGM when thirteen years old
B. Known for talent and troubled life
1. Starred in “The Wizard of Oz” and “A Star is Born”
2. Had many low points in life but kept trying to ‘get over the rainbow’
II. Background/ Milieu of Judy Garland
A. Growing up and changing her name
1. Born on June 10th, 1922 in Grand Rapids, Minnesota
2. Named Frances Ethel Gumm, changed her last name to Garland and changed her first name to Judy after a popular song
B. Educated and married many
1. Attended Lawler’s Professional School (1929-1931), Bancroft Junior High, and University High in LA
2. Married David Rose (1941-1942), Vincente Minnelli (1945-1952), had daughter Liza Minnelli, Sid Luft (1952- 1965), had daughter Lorna Luft Mark Herron (1965-1969), Mickey Deans (1969)
III. Significance of Judy Garland
A. Known for beautiful voice
1. Sang in musicals and starred in “The Wizard of Oz”
2. Spread hope during the Depression
B. Achieved
1. Acted in over 30 films
2. Won two Grammies for Best Solo Vocal Performance and Album of the Year (“Judy at Carnegie Hall”)
IIII. Health and Social Education of Judy Garland
A. Experienced a rollercoaster of highs and lows
1. Went from award winning performances to suicide attempts
2. Drifted from relationship to relationship
B. Died on June 22nd, 1969
1. Became heavily dependent on pills and alcohol
2. Died of “accidental” overdose
ROUGH DRAFT:
Originally, Shirley Temple was meant to play the role of Dorothy in the classic film, "The Wizard of Oz". However, it is hard to imagine anyone except Judy Garland playing the part. Her performance in the film and song, "Over the Rainbow", earned her many awards and helped her to become an iconic entertainer. Judy had many highs and lows in her life, but in the end, managed to be very successful. She was best known as a popular known as an actress and singer of the 1930s who lightened up the time period with her cheerful spirit.
Judy Garland, a popular actress and singer of the 1930s, lightened up the time period with her cheerful spirit. She first stated performing at a very young age with her sisters, Mary Jane and Virginia. At only five years old, Judy was singing onstage and she "had made her first film by the age of fourteen" ("Garland, Judy" America the Beautiful paragraph 2). Then, at thirteen she signed a movie contract with MGM. After that point, she became "one of the most enduringly popular Hollywood icons of the twentieth century" ("Judy Garland-American Singer and Actress" paragraph 1). Judy also performed in musicals, sang on the radio, and acted in the Andy Hardy series. However, her most popular film that she starred in was "The Wizard of Oz". She said, "'I believe in the idea of the rainbow and I've spent my entire life trying to get over it'" ("Judy Garland Biography" Bio. paragraph 1). With many struggles during the time, she kept trying to get to a better place.
Judy was born on June 10th, 1922 in Grand Rapids, Minnesota. Her original name was Frances Ethel Gumm, but she ended up changing both her first and last name later on. She and her sisters were "mistakenly billed as "The Glum Sisters" in 1931, the sisters, at the suggestion of a fellow performer, changed their stage name to Garland" ("Judy Garland Biography" World Biography paragraph 3). Shortly after, she changed her first name to Judy because of a popular song. Her parents, Ethel and Francis, were vaudeville performers so it was inherent that she became a star, too. She attended "Lawler's Professional School, 1929-1931; Bancroft Junior High School and University High School, Los Angeles" ("Garland, Judy" Film Reference paragraph 1). After graduating, Judy married at a very young age. She first married David Rose in 1941 and then divorced him a year later. Next she married Vincete Minnelli, with whom she had her daughter, Liza Minnelli. After divorcing in 1952, Judy married Sid Luft that same year and had another daughter, Lorna Luft. They divorced a litter over a decade later and she then married Mark Herron (divorced 1969). Lastly, a few months before Judy's death, she married Mickey Deans ("Garland, Judy" Film Reference paragraph 1). She drifted from marriage to marriage and had a hard time finding a happy and stable relationship.
Most known for her "husky and trembling but sweet singing voice", Judy Garland was an actress and singer that would be remembered for many years to come (Gallager 44). Besides starring in "The Wizard of Oz", she also performed in "A Star is Born", "Broadway Melody of 1938", "Babes in Arms", and "Strike Up the Band". In total, she acted in over thirty films, some of which she earned academy awards and nominations. Judy received two Grammies, one for Best Solo Performance and the other for Best Album of the Year. However, her "shining performance as Dorothy...when she sang "Over the Rainbow"...captured hearts across America" ("Garland, Judy" America the Beautiful paragraph 1). It gave hope and happiness to those going through the Great Depression. When things got difficult, Judy seemed to "transform the harsher truths of truth into something wonderful" (Boyt 4).
Even though Judy shared so much joy and hope with others, her personal life was starting to fall apart. It seemed to be "a series of ups and downs, marked by failing performances, comebacks, lawsuits, hospitalizations, and suicide attempts" ("Judy Garland Biography" World Biography paragraph 11). Judy became insecure with her weight and strained by the constant work, so she became heavily dependent on pills and alcohol. In 1950, fifteen years after signing a contract with MGM, she was dropped due to her emotional state. ("Judy Garland Biography" Bio. paragraph 3). Her poor decisions were having a negative impact on her career and things were starting to go downhill. On June 22nd, 1969, Judy died of an "accidental" overdose in London. Many people were devastated and now, "over 40 years after her death, Garland continues to maintain a devoted following" ("Judy Garland Biography" Bio. paragraph 5). Overall, she was remembered for her caring personality, open-mindedness to everyone, and exceptional talent.
In conclusion, Judy Garland's amazing talent as a performer and optimistic personality contributed to her popularity. Although she became famous around the time of the Great Depression, she tried to stay hopeful and continue with her career. Judy and many others were facing difficult hardships, bu she kept pushing through. Her determination, dedication, and own style really showed in her exceptional performances. She said, "be a first rate version of yourself, instead of a second rate version of somebody else- Judy Garland" ("Judy Garland" Bio. paragraph 1).
FINAL DRAFT:
Originally, Shirley Temple was meant to play the role of Dorothy in the classic film, “The Wizard of Oz”. However, it is hard to imagine anyone except Judy Garland playing the part. Her performance in the film and song, “Over the Rainbow”, earned her many awards and helped her to become an iconic entertainer. She had many highs and lows in her life, but in the end, managed to be very successful. Garland was best known as a popular actress and singer of the 1930s who lightened up the time period with her cheerful spirit.
Judy Garland first started performing at a very young age with her sisters, Mary Jane and Virginia, and quickly became a Hollywood Star. At only five years old, Garland was singing onstage and she “had made her first film by age fourteen” (“Garland, Judy” America the Beautiful paragraph 2). The year before, at age thirteen, she had signed a movie contract with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) and began her career. After that point, she became “one of the most enduringly popular Hollywood icons of the twentieth century” (“Judy Garland-American Singer and Actress” paragraph 1). However, one of Garland’s most popular films that she starred in was “The Wizard of Oz”. In this movie, her “winning combination of youth, innocence, pluck, and emotional openness is seen to good advantage” (“Judy Garland-American Singer and Actress” paragraph 4). She also performed in musicals, sang on the radio, and acted in the Andy Hardy series. In almost all of her work, Garland showed spirit that brought happiness to many.
Although Garland was born on June 10th, 1922 in Minnesota as Frances Ethel Gumm, she ended up changing both her first and last name later on. She and her sisters, “at the suggestion of a fellow performer, changed their stage name to Garland” due to being mistakenly called the Glum Sisters (“Judy Garland Biography” World Biography paragraph 3). Shortly after, she also changed her first name to Judy because of a popular song and from then on the name stuck. Since Garland’s parents were vaudeville performers, it was apparent from the beginning that she would become a star as well. So to prepare for her career, she attended “Lawler’s Professional School, 1929- 1931; Bancroft Junior High School and University High School, Los Angeles” (“Garland, Judy” Film Reference paragraph 1). Soon after graduating, Garland married at a very young age. She married David Rose (divorced 1942), Vincente Minnelli (divorced 1952), Sid Luft (divorced 1965), Mark Herron (divorced 1969), and Mickey Deans (“Garland, Judy” Film Reference paragraph 1). Despite her unhappy relationships and other troubles, Garland continued to try to stay optimistic and get over the rainbow.
Most known for her “husky and trembling but sweet singing voice”, Judy Garland was an actress and singer that would be remembered for many years to come (Gallagher 44). Besides starring in “The Wizard of Oz”, she also performed in “A Star is Born”, “Broadway Melody of 1938”, “Babes in Arms”, and “Strike up the Band”. In total, she acted in over thirty films, some of which, she earned academy awards and nominations. Garland received two Grammies, one for Best Solo Performance and the other for Best Album of the Year. However, her “shining performance as Dorothy…when she sang “Over the Rainbow”…captured hearts across America” (“Garland, Judy” America the Beautiful paragraph 1). It gave hope and happiness to those going through the Great Depression. When things got difficult, Garland seemed to “transform the harsher truths of life into something wonderful” (Boyt 4).
Even though Judy Garland shared so much joy and hope with others, her personal life was starting to fall apart. It seemed to be “a series of ups and downs, marked by failing performances, comebacks, lawsuits, hospitalizations, and suicide attempts” (“Judy Garland Biography” World Biography paragraph 11). She became insecure with her weight and strained by the constant work, becoming heavily dependent on pills and alcohol. In 1950, fifteen years after signing a contract with MGM, she was dropped due to her emotional state (“Judy Garland Biography” Bio .paragraph 3). Her poor decisions were having a negative impact on her career and health, causing things to start going downhill. On June 22nd, 1969, she died of an “accidental” overdose in London. Many people were devastated and now, over “40 years after her death, Garland continues to maintain a devoted following” (“Judy Garland Biography” Bio .paragraph 5). Overall, she was remembered for her caring personality, open-mindedness to everyone, and exceptional talent.
In conclusion, Judy Garland’s amazing talent as a performer and optimistic personality contributed to her popularity. Although she became famous around the time of the Great Depression, she tried to stay hopeful and continue with her career. She and many others were facing difficult hardships, but she kept pushing through. Garland’s determination, dedication, and unique style really showed in her exceptional performances. She said, “be a first rate version of yourself, instead of a second rate version of somebody else - Judy Garland” (“Judy Garland” Bio).
WORKS CITED: Boyt, Susie. “How It All Began.” My Judy Garland Life: A Memoir. New York: Bloomsbury, 2009. 4. Print.
Gallagher, Rachel. “Garland, Judy.” The World Book Encyclopedia 2001. Vol. 8. Chicago, Il: World Book, 2001. 43-44. Print.
“Garland, Judy,” America the Beautiful. Grolier Online, 2013. Web. 8 April. 2013.
“Garland, Judy.” Film Reference. Web. 15 April. 2013.
“Judy Garland (American Singer and Actress).” Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica. Web. 09 April. 2013.
“Judy Garland Biography.” Bio. A& E Networks Television. Web. 09 April. 2013.
“Judy Garland Biography.” World Biography. Web. 14 April. 2013.
Luft, Lorna. “Judy, Judy, Judy.” Me and My Shadows: A Family Memoir. Thorndike, 1998. 55. Print.
Thesis: Garland was best known as a popular actress and singer of the 1930s who lightened up the time period with her cheerful spirit.
I. Introductory Information of Judy Garland
A. Discovered at a young age
1. Had been singing onstage at the age of five
2. Signed movie contract with MGM when thirteen years old
B. Known for talent and troubled life
1. Starred in “The Wizard of Oz” and “A Star is Born”
2. Had many low points in life but kept trying to ‘get over the rainbow’
II. Background/ Milieu of Judy Garland
A. Growing up and changing her name
1. Born on June 10th, 1922 in Grand Rapids, Minnesota
2. Named Frances Ethel Gumm, changed her last name to Garland and changed her first name to Judy after a popular song
B. Educated and married many
1. Attended Lawler’s Professional School (1929-1931), Bancroft Junior High, and University High in LA
2. Married David Rose (1941-1942), Vincente Minnelli (1945-1952), had daughter Liza Minnelli, Sid Luft (1952- 1965), had daughter Lorna Luft Mark Herron (1965-1969), Mickey Deans (1969)
III. Significance of Judy Garland
A. Known for beautiful voice
1. Sang in musicals and starred in “The Wizard of Oz”
2. Spread hope during the Depression
B. Achieved
1. Acted in over 30 films
2. Won two Grammies for Best Solo Vocal Performance and Album of the Year (“Judy at Carnegie Hall”)
IIII. Health and Social Education of Judy Garland
A. Experienced a rollercoaster of highs and lows
1. Went from award winning performances to suicide attempts
2. Drifted from relationship to relationship
B. Died on June 22nd, 1969
1. Became heavily dependent on pills and alcohol
2. Died of “accidental” overdose
ROUGH DRAFT:
Originally, Shirley Temple was meant to play the role of Dorothy in the classic film, "The Wizard of Oz". However, it is hard to imagine anyone except Judy Garland playing the part. Her performance in the film and song, "Over the Rainbow", earned her many awards and helped her to become an iconic entertainer. Judy had many highs and lows in her life, but in the end, managed to be very successful. She was best known as a popular known as an actress and singer of the 1930s who lightened up the time period with her cheerful spirit.
Judy Garland, a popular actress and singer of the 1930s, lightened up the time period with her cheerful spirit. She first stated performing at a very young age with her sisters, Mary Jane and Virginia. At only five years old, Judy was singing onstage and she "had made her first film by the age of fourteen" ("Garland, Judy" America the Beautiful paragraph 2). Then, at thirteen she signed a movie contract with MGM. After that point, she became "one of the most enduringly popular Hollywood icons of the twentieth century" ("Judy Garland-American Singer and Actress" paragraph 1). Judy also performed in musicals, sang on the radio, and acted in the Andy Hardy series. However, her most popular film that she starred in was "The Wizard of Oz". She said, "'I believe in the idea of the rainbow and I've spent my entire life trying to get over it'" ("Judy Garland Biography" Bio. paragraph 1). With many struggles during the time, she kept trying to get to a better place.
Judy was born on June 10th, 1922 in Grand Rapids, Minnesota. Her original name was Frances Ethel Gumm, but she ended up changing both her first and last name later on. She and her sisters were "mistakenly billed as "The Glum Sisters" in 1931, the sisters, at the suggestion of a fellow performer, changed their stage name to Garland" ("Judy Garland Biography" World Biography paragraph 3). Shortly after, she changed her first name to Judy because of a popular song. Her parents, Ethel and Francis, were vaudeville performers so it was inherent that she became a star, too. She attended "Lawler's Professional School, 1929-1931; Bancroft Junior High School and University High School, Los Angeles" ("Garland, Judy" Film Reference paragraph 1). After graduating, Judy married at a very young age. She first married David Rose in 1941 and then divorced him a year later. Next she married Vincete Minnelli, with whom she had her daughter, Liza Minnelli. After divorcing in 1952, Judy married Sid Luft that same year and had another daughter, Lorna Luft. They divorced a litter over a decade later and she then married Mark Herron (divorced 1969). Lastly, a few months before Judy's death, she married Mickey Deans ("Garland, Judy" Film Reference paragraph 1). She drifted from marriage to marriage and had a hard time finding a happy and stable relationship.
Most known for her "husky and trembling but sweet singing voice", Judy Garland was an actress and singer that would be remembered for many years to come (Gallager 44). Besides starring in "The Wizard of Oz", she also performed in "A Star is Born", "Broadway Melody of 1938", "Babes in Arms", and "Strike Up the Band". In total, she acted in over thirty films, some of which she earned academy awards and nominations. Judy received two Grammies, one for Best Solo Performance and the other for Best Album of the Year. However, her "shining performance as Dorothy...when she sang "Over the Rainbow"...captured hearts across America" ("Garland, Judy" America the Beautiful paragraph 1). It gave hope and happiness to those going through the Great Depression. When things got difficult, Judy seemed to "transform the harsher truths of truth into something wonderful" (Boyt 4).
Even though Judy shared so much joy and hope with others, her personal life was starting to fall apart. It seemed to be "a series of ups and downs, marked by failing performances, comebacks, lawsuits, hospitalizations, and suicide attempts" ("Judy Garland Biography" World Biography paragraph 11). Judy became insecure with her weight and strained by the constant work, so she became heavily dependent on pills and alcohol. In 1950, fifteen years after signing a contract with MGM, she was dropped due to her emotional state. ("Judy Garland Biography" Bio. paragraph 3). Her poor decisions were having a negative impact on her career and things were starting to go downhill. On June 22nd, 1969, Judy died of an "accidental" overdose in London. Many people were devastated and now, "over 40 years after her death, Garland continues to maintain a devoted following" ("Judy Garland Biography" Bio. paragraph 5). Overall, she was remembered for her caring personality, open-mindedness to everyone, and exceptional talent.
In conclusion, Judy Garland's amazing talent as a performer and optimistic personality contributed to her popularity. Although she became famous around the time of the Great Depression, she tried to stay hopeful and continue with her career. Judy and many others were facing difficult hardships, bu she kept pushing through. Her determination, dedication, and own style really showed in her exceptional performances. She said, "be a first rate version of yourself, instead of a second rate version of somebody else- Judy Garland" ("Judy Garland" Bio. paragraph 1).
FINAL DRAFT:
Originally, Shirley Temple was meant to play the role of Dorothy in the classic film, “The Wizard of Oz”. However, it is hard to imagine anyone except Judy Garland playing the part. Her performance in the film and song, “Over the Rainbow”, earned her many awards and helped her to become an iconic entertainer. She had many highs and lows in her life, but in the end, managed to be very successful. Garland was best known as a popular actress and singer of the 1930s who lightened up the time period with her cheerful spirit.
Judy Garland first started performing at a very young age with her sisters, Mary Jane and Virginia, and quickly became a Hollywood Star. At only five years old, Garland was singing onstage and she “had made her first film by age fourteen” (“Garland, Judy” America the Beautiful paragraph 2). The year before, at age thirteen, she had signed a movie contract with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) and began her career. After that point, she became “one of the most enduringly popular Hollywood icons of the twentieth century” (“Judy Garland-American Singer and Actress” paragraph 1). However, one of Garland’s most popular films that she starred in was “The Wizard of Oz”. In this movie, her “winning combination of youth, innocence, pluck, and emotional openness is seen to good advantage” (“Judy Garland-American Singer and Actress” paragraph 4). She also performed in musicals, sang on the radio, and acted in the Andy Hardy series. In almost all of her work, Garland showed spirit that brought happiness to many.
Although Garland was born on June 10th, 1922 in Minnesota as Frances Ethel Gumm, she ended up changing both her first and last name later on. She and her sisters, “at the suggestion of a fellow performer, changed their stage name to Garland” due to being mistakenly called the Glum Sisters (“Judy Garland Biography” World Biography paragraph 3). Shortly after, she also changed her first name to Judy because of a popular song and from then on the name stuck. Since Garland’s parents were vaudeville performers, it was apparent from the beginning that she would become a star as well. So to prepare for her career, she attended “Lawler’s Professional School, 1929- 1931; Bancroft Junior High School and University High School, Los Angeles” (“Garland, Judy” Film Reference paragraph 1). Soon after graduating, Garland married at a very young age. She married David Rose (divorced 1942), Vincente Minnelli (divorced 1952), Sid Luft (divorced 1965), Mark Herron (divorced 1969), and Mickey Deans (“Garland, Judy” Film Reference paragraph 1). Despite her unhappy relationships and other troubles, Garland continued to try to stay optimistic and get over the rainbow.
Most known for her “husky and trembling but sweet singing voice”, Judy Garland was an actress and singer that would be remembered for many years to come (Gallagher 44). Besides starring in “The Wizard of Oz”, she also performed in “A Star is Born”, “Broadway Melody of 1938”, “Babes in Arms”, and “Strike up the Band”. In total, she acted in over thirty films, some of which, she earned academy awards and nominations. Garland received two Grammies, one for Best Solo Performance and the other for Best Album of the Year. However, her “shining performance as Dorothy…when she sang “Over the Rainbow”…captured hearts across America” (“Garland, Judy” America the Beautiful paragraph 1). It gave hope and happiness to those going through the Great Depression. When things got difficult, Garland seemed to “transform the harsher truths of life into something wonderful” (Boyt 4).
Even though Judy Garland shared so much joy and hope with others, her personal life was starting to fall apart. It seemed to be “a series of ups and downs, marked by failing performances, comebacks, lawsuits, hospitalizations, and suicide attempts” (“Judy Garland Biography” World Biography paragraph 11). She became insecure with her weight and strained by the constant work, becoming heavily dependent on pills and alcohol. In 1950, fifteen years after signing a contract with MGM, she was dropped due to her emotional state (“Judy Garland Biography” Bio .paragraph 3). Her poor decisions were having a negative impact on her career and health, causing things to start going downhill. On June 22nd, 1969, she died of an “accidental” overdose in London. Many people were devastated and now, over “40 years after her death, Garland continues to maintain a devoted following” (“Judy Garland Biography” Bio .paragraph 5). Overall, she was remembered for her caring personality, open-mindedness to everyone, and exceptional talent.
In conclusion, Judy Garland’s amazing talent as a performer and optimistic personality contributed to her popularity. Although she became famous around the time of the Great Depression, she tried to stay hopeful and continue with her career. She and many others were facing difficult hardships, but she kept pushing through. Garland’s determination, dedication, and unique style really showed in her exceptional performances. She said, “be a first rate version of yourself, instead of a second rate version of somebody else - Judy Garland” (“Judy Garland” Bio).
WORKS CITED: Boyt, Susie. “How It All Began.” My Judy Garland Life: A Memoir. New York: Bloomsbury, 2009. 4. Print.
Gallagher, Rachel. “Garland, Judy.” The World Book Encyclopedia 2001. Vol. 8. Chicago, Il: World Book, 2001. 43-44. Print.
“Garland, Judy,” America the Beautiful. Grolier Online, 2013. Web. 8 April. 2013.
“Garland, Judy.” Film Reference. Web. 15 April. 2013.
“Judy Garland (American Singer and Actress).” Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica. Web. 09 April. 2013.
“Judy Garland Biography.” Bio. A& E Networks Television. Web. 09 April. 2013.
“Judy Garland Biography.” World Biography. Web. 14 April. 2013.
Luft, Lorna. “Judy, Judy, Judy.” Me and My Shadows: A Family Memoir. Thorndike, 1998. 55. Print.